Education plays an important role in the development of a nation. Education is a
very important part of economy. It is said to an investment in human being.
Perhaps this is the reason that every nation tries his best to develop the
strategy of education.
Education is the primary right of every child in a democratic society. We have
made a law to provide free and compulsory education up to the age of fourteen
i.e. up to middle standard level. An uneducated man can neither be a good
citizen nor good parents. He is ignorant and superstitious. Deprived of
knowledge, he falls in the darkness of ignorance and becomes a victim of evil
social practices. The problem of drop-outs at primary level is quite serious
poor parents force their children to stay at home and look after younger kids.
Some are compelled to work as child laborers in homes, shops restaurants and
factories. More community centers and adult education centers have to be opened
to educate man and woman who were deprived of the fruits of education during
their formative years. Our aim should bet to provide education to all the people
of India.
It is a very important question in the field of education what type of education
should be given ? This is a reality that ours means of education are limited but
our needs are unlimited. So it should be decide that which type of education
should be given. So national policy of education 1986 has announced the system
of education. There have been many proposals for the introduction of education
in school. Some of them have been tried success and are going on well.
As far as India is concerned, it is a democratic country. Education is primary
of every child in a democratic society.
Education is the future of our country. It is distressing to find that during
all these years of our independence we have been merely dabbling in schemes and
projects, in new-fangled ideas mostly borrowed from the west, merely setting up
commission after commission at the cost of lakhs or rupees and let matters rest
at that. The drive, the initiative, the dynamic vision necessary for radical
reforms in the sphere of education are lamentably conspicuous by their absence.
We have allowed matters to drift aimlessly, instead of setting down to grapple
with momentous issues. The result has been disastrous. A life less, mechanical
system of teaching in overcrowded schools and colleges imposed by far from
competent teachers on students whose only interest is to get through
examination, has been the bane of our education. We have completely forgotten
the simple yet vital truth that the aim of education is first to build up
character in the widest sense and then to impart knowledge.
Here, an educated man is called upon to master more than one language. An
educated Indian requires the mastery of an international language. The educated
Indian should be able to read and write in many languages.
Before getting freedom, India was a very poor country and education was the
weakest point of our India. Poor parents were forced their children to stay at
home and look after their younger kids. Some were also compelled to work as
child-labourers in shops, restaurants and factories. Women were also compelled
to work as child-labourers in shops, restaurants and factories. Women were
totally deprived of the fruits of education. First of all, education was started
by Cord Macaulay in 1835. Then after Lord Macaulay Wood Dispatch, Hunter
Commission, Lord Kerson etc. came in India. They tried their best to develop the
system of education. But people were ignorant at that time. So growth rate of
education at that time was very low.
The year 1937 was a year of significance in the history of education in India.
In that year, a decision of introducing Basic education based upon the
educational ideas of Mahatma Gandhi was taken immediately after the publication
of the Wood Abbott report. Mahatma Gandhi, through his articles in Harijan
published during March to Oct. 1937 insisted that manual and productive work
should not only be an appendage to the on-going productive programme of
education but the latter should be woven around the former. By education Mahatma
Gandhi meant an all round drawing out of the best in the child. He distinguished
between literacy and education. The scope of literacy is limited to reading,
writing and computation of numbers, whereas education is aimed at development of
the all round personality. According to his philosophy of education, it is not a
process of filling an empty pot with information. This would solve the problem
of financing education as well, because the income from the craft would support
the running cost of the schools.
The Zakir Hussain committee pointed out that modern educational thought was
practically unanimous on the idea of educating the children through some
creative work. This approach was regarded as the most effective method of
providing an integrated all sided education. The justification given was that
the active nature of the child never agreed with the purely academic and
theoretical instruction provided in the primary schools. Moreover, the
integrated all sided education balances the intellectual and practical elements
of experience and serves as an instrument of educating the body and the mind in
coordination.
From the educational point of view, when the curriculum is related to life and
its various aspects, including productive work, it provides scope for
correlating knowledge belonging to different subject areas and give concreteness
to it.
Main objectives of Educational System in India :
Development of education during planning period :
1. Primary Education :
In the policy 1986, a law is made to provide free, compulsory education up to
the age of fourteen i.e. upto middle standard for example : reading, writing,
simple mathematics and some knowledge about our country and society, these are
some basic concept of education. Also all these are some basic needs to become a
good citizen and to get higher education. This is a fact that the investment in
the primary education proves very beneficial in future. So our government gives
very importance to primary education.
2. Secondary Education :
After giving the knowledge about the basic concept of education, secondary
education should also be given. There is no need that this type of education
should be given to all. This type of education includes vocational education.
Our government has established some training centers to give this type of
education.
3. Higher Education :
Higher education is a very important part of a development nation. This type of
education is given in colleges, universities and in training centers. It also
includes technical education. But it should be given to a few people.
Thus we want to give the primary education to all, secondary education to some
people. Means of education should be divided according to primary, secondary and
higher education. Thus secondary and primary education should be quantative and
higher education should be quantitative.
In the primitive society, there was no dichotomy between education and work. The
very living process was education for every individual. His physical
environment, social environment and the world of work around him provided all
the experiences necessary for his survival and development of his personality.
Thus, the bulk of his education was through doing and involvement in productive
work and services. Consequently, there was no apathy for manual work in those
days and there was no distinction between the intellectual workers and the
manual workers. However the communication skills were developed by imitating his
family members and his neighbours. Gaining of knowledge for its own sake had
little significance for him. The various utterances meant for propitiating the
gods and knowledge about does and do not’s for better living were transmitted to
him orally by his elders, and he memorized there by repeating what he listened
to.
But gradually, as the individual families concentrated on specialising in
particular occupational skills, the panorama of social structure also changed.
There was division of labour which resulted in the development of the class and
caste system based on occupations. Those who were concerned with intellectual
and academic pursuits were regarded as belonging to the higher order and those
who were concerned with manual work suffered a lower status. Acquiring and
dispensing of literacy and numeracy remained the prerogative of the brahmins
only. As a result of this, the distinction between the intellectual worker and
the manual worker became distinct. This led to the development of dichotomy
between general education and work. However, its effect was not so far reaching,
because even in the ancient and medieval societies, division of labour was less
marked and even those who pursued intellectually-biased non-formal as well as
formal education, had to do all sorts of indoor as well as out-door manual work.
In other words, the cleavage between the world of education and the world of
work was not so wide as it became later. There was no provision of any work
education in these institutions, which continued to serve the cause of the
privileged elites who isolated themselves from those who were not educated in
this system. The products of such educational system, also despised working with
their hands and they had to depends upon their less fortunate brethren for every
kind of manual work. Thus the separation between the intellectual workers and
the manual workers increased further, and inclusion of productive manual work in
general education was resisted by the former.
The benefits of development of education is not reachable to the common peoples.
It is reachable only to some special persons or rich people. All this is because
only of commercial liegasion of education. A class of some selfish categorical
teachers has been introducing in the field of education. But it is very
necessary the teacher and educated person should be more responsible and liable
to spread their educational knowledge to the poor students and masses. They
should not pay their special attention to some special class students and rich
persons. They should try their best to educate the poor students, children and
adults. The benefits of education should be reachable to the each and every
education willing person.
Morals of the Project Report on Education :
1. Education is the future of India.
2. Education is very important of India.
3. Without education their are no world.
4. Without education the man will behave like as animal.
5. Education is very necessary for all the children of whole world because these
children are the future of our world.
6. Education removes illiteracy of our India.
7. Without education we cannot progress in the field of science & technology.
8. Education helps the person to become a good citizen.
9. Without education their are no life in earth.
10. From these above points I can say that education is the big power of the
man.
In the last, we can say that an uneducated person can neither be a good citizen
nor a good parent. He is ignorant and superstitions. Deprived of knowledge he
falls in the darkness of ignorance. Thus education is a very necessary part of
our life. Education is right for every child so education should be provided to
all.
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